Researchers at MIT and the University of Wisconsin have developed AI-designed underwater gliders inspired by marine animals. The new shapes, generated using machine learning, move more efficiently underwater than traditional torpedo designs. This innovation could greatly improve climate and ocean monitoring by enabling better performance, energy savings, and adaptive navigation in underwater environments.
Astronomers have discovered 3I/ATLAS, the third known interstellar comet to pass through our solar system. Detected by the ATLAS telescope in Chile, it’s racing inward at 150,000 mph and will swing closest to the Sun in October. Estimated to be 10–20 kilometers across, it is likely the largest interstellar object observed so far. Signs of cometary activity suggest it’s an icy relic from another star system. Early detection has given astronomers time to study its composition before it’s altered by solar heating—offering rare insight into planet formation beyond our own system.
NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft accomplished a world-first by performing a deep-space stellar navigation test using stellar parallax. On April 23, 2020, while 438 million miles from Earth, it imaged nearby stars Proxima Centauri and Wolf 359. From the spacecraft’s distant viewpoint, the stars appeared slightly shifted compared to Earth-based observations, showcasing a clear demonstration of stellar parallax. By comparing these images with Earth data and a 3D star chart, scientists accurately determined New Horizons’ position within 4.1 million miles. This groundbreaking achievement proves that a spacecraft can navigate autonomously by observing stars using onboard cameras. The technique reduces reliance on Earth-based tracking systems and offers a viable navigation method for future missions to the outer solar system and beyond. NASA sees this as a vital step toward interstellar travel and self-guided deep-space exploration.
NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope has unveiled ESO 591-12, a long-overlooked globular cluster glittering with multicolored stars. Captured during a survey of missing clusters, this image provides new insight into stellar evolution and the early Milky Way. It marks a vital step in resolving the structure and origin of ancient star systems hidden within our galaxy.
Massive stars may lose much more mass than expected before collapsing into black holes. A new study reveals that their powerful stellar winds strip outer layers early, reshaping theories of star evolution, black hole formation, and gravitational wave events. This research challenges previous models and helps explain observed features of stars like R136a1 in the Tarantula Nebula.
Astronomers have captured the first-ever image of a white dwarf star undergoing a rare double-detonation supernova. Using the Very Large Telescope, the team revealed that such explosions can occur without a star reaching the Chandrasekhar limit. The findings, published in Nature Astronomy, could reshape existing theories about stellar death and improve our understanding of cosmic distance measurement.
MethaneSAT, a climate-monitoring satellite backed by Google and the Bezos Earth Fund, has failed after just one year in orbit. Launched in March 2024 to track methane leaks, the $88 million satellite lost power in June 2025. Though unrecoverable, mission operators will continue analyzing the collected data to support climate action and emission transparency efforts.
Astronomers have identified 3I/ATLAS as the third confirmed interstellar comet, racing through the solar system at 68 km/s. Discovered on July 1, it will pass near the sun in October. Skywatchers can view this rare object live online tonight, thanks to a live stream by the Virtual Telescope Project using observatories in Italy.
In a global first, researchers at Australia’s CSIRO used quantum machine learning to enhance semiconductor design, outperforming classical AI models. By modeling Ohmic resistance in GaN transistors, the team built a hybrid quantum–classical model using just 5 qubits. This Quantum Kernel-Aligned Regressor revealed subtle fabrication patterns that classical methods missed. Their model guided new device fabrication, resulting in higher-performing chips. This success proves quantum-enhanced design can generalize to real-world production, marking a major leap toward practical quantum advantage in materials science and electronics manufacturing.
Scientists have created a groundbreaking metamaterial that breaks Kirchhoff’s law by emitting 43% more mid-infrared radiation in one direction than it absorbs. Built from layered InGaAs and tested at 512°F with a 5T magnetic field, the structure exhibits record thermal nonreciprocity. This breakthrough enables controlled one-way heat flow, a step toward thermal diodes and transistors. Unlike previous weak and narrowband effects, this design works across multiple angles and wavelengths. The discovery has major implications for heat management, solar thermophotovoltaics, and energy harvesting technologies.
TEMPO, a collaborative space mission by NASA, NOAA, and the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, is transforming air quality tracking across North America. Since 2023, it has delivered hourly, high-resolution pollution data from space, aiding researchers, health officials, and the public.
Russia’s Progress 92 cargo ship launched on July 3 atop a Soyuz rocket from Baikonur, carrying nearly 3 tons of supplies to the International Space Station. The uncrewed freighter is set to dock on July 5, replacing Progress 90. NASA will livestream the event, as Progress 92 continues supporting ISS operations alongside Cygnus and SpaceX’s Dragon spacecraft.
NASA-backed astronomers have identified HIP 67522 b, a Jupiter-sized planet orbiting extremely close to its star, causing massive magnetic explosions. For the first time, a planet has been shown to trigger solar flares on its host star, highlighting a new era in exoplanet and stellar magnetic research.
Astronomers using the James Webb Space Telescope have identified a possible jellyfish galaxy about 12 billion light-years away. Named COSMOS2020-635829, it shows tentacle-like streams of gas and stars trailing off one side—likely formed through ram pressure stripping in a dense cluster. If confirmed, it would be the most distant jellyfish galaxy ever found, offering rare clues into galaxy evolution during the universe’s peak star-forming era. Though more data is needed to confirm its classification, this discovery highlights how cluster environments shaped galaxies even in the early cosmos.
A new computer-modeling study reveals that dust devils on Mars—swirling columns of dust and air—may become electrically charged enough to spark lightning-like discharges. Led by researcher Varun Sheel, the study simulates how dry Martian conditions and frictional collisions between dust grains can generate strong electric fields inside these vortices. These charged whirlwinds pose potential risks to Mars rovers, as electrified dust may cling to solar panels, wheels, and antennas, reducing power and disrupting communications. NASA’s Perseverance rover may have already detected a small electrical discharge during a dust devil encounter. The findings highlight the need for robust, dust-resistant designs in future Mars surface missions.
NASA’s Perseverance rover is grinding into a strange Martian rock called Kenmore to study its inner makeup and potential for preserving signs of ancient life. The rock yielded clay and feldspar and, for the first time, manganese hydroxide, all key indicators of water-related processes and possible habitability on early Mars.
A team of astronomers using the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) discovered five young stars in the Chamaeleon cloud complex. One is a probable tight binary system. These findings enhance our understanding of early stellar evolution and the structure of southern star-forming regions.
Scientists have developed a self-healing, recyclable circuit board using vitrimer and liquid metal. The material maintains conductivity after damage, reshapes under heat, and may reduce growing e-waste. Unlike traditional boards, it allows easy repair and recovery of materials, offering a sustainable solution for electronics like smartphones, laptops, and wearables, according to a study published in Advanced Materials.
The discovery of 257Sg by GSI scientists reveals new insights into nuclear stability and introduces the first seaborgium K-isomer. These findings challenge established theories of fission and may guide future efforts in synthesising superheavy elements like 256Sg and beyond.
NASA has introduced CODEX, a cutting-edge mini solar telescope attached to the International Space Station, which is offering groundbreaking observations of the Sun's corona. Unlike past instruments, CODEX can measure both temperature and speed of solar wind particles. This innovation aims to improve our understanding of solar weather, especially as Earth continues to experience geomagnetic storms.
Rocket Lab, a leader in small satellite launches, has completed its 68th Electron mission, “Symphony in the Stars,” successfully deploying a confidential satellite into orbit. The June 28, 2025 launch not only reinforces Rocket Lab’s operational efficiency but also sets a company record with two launches from the same site in under 48 hours.
Muon Space’s FireSat project will form a 50-satellite constellation that scans the planet every 20 minutes to detect wildfires using multi-band infrared imaging. The constellation aims to support first responders and policymakers with high-resolution thermal data, bridging a critical gap in satellite-based wildfire detection. Its first satellite launched in March and has begun delivering data.
Blue Origin launched six tourists on its NS-33 mission, sending them past the Kármán Line and marking the 750th human in space. The 10-minute suborbital flight reached 105.2 km before landing safely in West Texas. The crew, dubbed “The Solstice 33,” experienced weightlessness and carried student postcards as part of Blue Origin’s educational outreach program.
Japan concluded the H-2A rocket program with the launch of the GOSAT-GW satellite, dedicated to monitoring greenhouse gases and sea temperatures. The mission strengthens Japan’s long-term commitment to climate research and marks a transition to the more cost-effective H3 launch system. Over its 25-year lifespan, H-2A recorded 49 successes out of 50 launches.
SpaceX continues its rapid Starlink expansion with two Falcon 9 launches on June 28, 2025, delivering 53 satellites to orbit. With over 7,900 active units now in its constellation, SpaceX strengthens its lead in global LEO broadband service. The reusable boosters also landed successfully, marking their fifth and eighth flights.
Veliki is a newly discovered, massive supernova remnant in the Large Magellanic Cloud, observed through a global collaboration using multiwavelength astronomy tools. Estimated to be 45,000 years old, Veliki showcases complex shell structures and highly unusual radio properties.
Written and directed by Paul W. S. Anderson, In The Lost Lands is an action-fantasy film that stars Milla Jovovich and Dave Bautista in the lead roles. The movie revolves around the journey of the duo in the lost lands, where they have to find magical power while fighting demons. Streaming soon.
In a rare celestial alignment, Saturn’s largest moon Titan will cast its shadow across the planet in a series of stunning transits during the summer and early fall of 2025. These events, visible through telescopes, appear as dark “holes” drifting across Saturn’s face as Titan eclipses the planet. The phenomenon occurs only near Saturn’s equinox every 15 years, making this year’s sightings a must-see before they disappear until 2040. With seven transits still to come between July and October 2025, skywatchers should prepare for a spectacular planetary display.
NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory has released a stunning composite image of the Andromeda galaxy, combining data across the electromagnetic spectrum. This multi-wavelength view highlights X-ray flares near the central black hole and pays tribute to Dr. Vera Rubin’s pioneering dark matter research. The image, also presented through a musical sonification, deepens our understanding of spiral galaxy structures.
A new study raises the possibility that two meteorites may have originated from Mercury, a first if proven true. Ksar Ghilane 022 and NWA 15915 share notable traits with Mercury’s surface minerals, yet also present differences that complicate a clear link.
Rocket Lab launched four satellites for Hawkeye 360 from New Zealand on June 27 aboard its Electron rocket. The mission deployed radio-frequency monitoring satellites and a tech demo into polar orbit, supporting strategic intelligence operations. It marks the company’s 67th launch and ninth of 2025, with several more missions slated before year-end.
Astronomers have detected early signs of planet formation in 27 young protoplanetary disks within the Ophiuchus star-forming region, just 460 light-years away. High-resolution imaging revealed spiral and ring patterns forming earlier than expected, suggesting stars and planets may grow together from infancy. The findings bridge a knowledge gap between previous ALMA studies of younger and older stellar systems.
Astronomers have uncovered the most distant mini-halo ever detected, located around the galaxy cluster SpARCS1049, a staggering 10 billion light-years from Earth. Using the LOFAR radio telescope network, which spans eight European countries, researchers detected a faint, diffuse glow—evidence of a giant cloud of high-energy particles and magnetic fields stretching over a million light-years. This mini-halo signals that galaxy clusters were already bathed in energetic particles early in the universe's history. The discovery opens a new window into how black holes and particle collisions may have shaped massive cosmic structures much earlier than previously known, and sets the stage for even deeper exploration using next-generation instruments like the Square Kilometre Array.
NASA’s Perseverance rover has analysed an unusual rock called “Kenmore”, uncovering clay and manganese-rich minerals. Alongside, it broke its own Martian driving record, covering 1,348 feet using autonomous navigation. The findings may guide future missions in sampling and habitat planning, deepening our understanding of Mars’ geological complexity.
In June 2024, a mysterious 30-nanosecond radio burst baffled scientists — until they traced it back to a surprising source: Relay 2, a NASA satellite offline since 1967. Researchers believe the signal could have been triggered either by a micrometeorite impact or an electrostatic discharge. The discovery, detailed in a new preprint study, highlights how defunct satellites may still interact with space conditions. Experts say the incident could offer a new method for detecting electrostatic discharges from aging satellites and space debris in crowded orbits.
NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has reached a major milestone by capturing its first direct image of TWA 7 b, a newly discovered Saturn-mass exoplanet orbiting the young star TWA 7. Using a coronagraph to block starlight, Webb identified the planet embedded in the star’s dusty ring system. TWA 7 b is the smallest exoplanet ever imaged directly. The discovery highlights Webb’s unprecedented precision and paves the way for imaging even smaller, potentially Earth-like planets with future observatories equipped with next-generation coronagraphs and infrared imaging instruments.
NASA’s James Webb Telescope has identified ethanol and methanol isotopes around protostars and HD 100453. These discoveries offer valuable clues about the cosmic origins of life, indicating that comets filled with organic molecules might have seeded early Earth.
The Rubin Observatory has unveiled its first public images, revealing vivid views of the Lagoon and Trifid Nebulae located 4,000 light-years away. These stunning images mark the beginning of a decade-long sky survey that will capture thousands of nightly exposures, explore dark matter, and transform the way scientists—and the public—observe the dynamic universe.
Twin satellites in ESA’s Proba-3 mission have successfully recreated artificial solar eclipses from space to examine the sun’s million-degree corona. The breakthrough will allow continuous observations of the sun’s outer atmosphere, offering rare insights that natural eclipses on Earth can’t provide. The mission marks a major step in solar science and is expected to capture over 1,000 eclipse hours.
Researchers from NTNU and EPFL have developed a compact, low-cost laser on a photonic chip using thin-film lithium niobate. This new laser enables ultrafast, mode-hop-free tuning and delivers stable performance with a single control knob. Demonstrated in LiDAR systems, it achieved 4 cm range precision for self-driving cars and also detected trace hydrogen cyanide for environmental monitoring. The breakthrough could transform precision applications like gas sensing and autonomous navigation, making advanced systems more affordable and accessible. The laser’s scalable chip-based design supports mass production using existing fabrication methods.
Axiom Mission 4 has now reached the International Space Station on June 26, 2025. Launched from Kennedy Space Centre, the mission features a diverse international crew aboard SpaceX's Dragon spacecraft.
NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and India’s Chandrayaan-2 have captured images confirming the crash of Japan’s Resilience lander on the Moon’s Mare Frigoris. Contact with the lander was lost 100 seconds before its June 5 touchdown. New photos reveal a dark impact mark and scattered debris.
Astronomers observed a supermassive black hole expelling gas at nearly a third the speed of light after consuming matter too fast. This outflow could suppress star formation by heating and ejecting gas, revealing how black holes regulate galaxy evolution. The finding helps decode the feedback mechanisms of quasars and active galactic nuclei in shaping cosmic structure.
Amazon’s Project Kuiper is intensifying efforts to compete in the low Earth orbit (LEO) broadband race. With 27 satellites launched in April 2025 and plans for a 3,200-satellite constellation, Amazon has locked in dozens of launches across ULA, Blue Origin, Arianespace, and SpaceX. This move follows its successful 2023 prototypes and aligns with a global push for satellite internet dominance. As Starlink maintains the lead and China expands its constellations, Kuiper aims to begin services by late 2025, signaling a pivotal moment in the future of global internet connectivity.
A failed Soviet Venus probe from 1972 re-entered Earth’s atmosphere in May, yet tracking its final descent baffled experts. Despite decades of observation, differing models and unpredictable atmospheric conditions prevented precise predictions. Scientists now see Kosmos-482 as a case study in the enduring challenges of satellite reentry and the need for better space debris tracking.
The Rubin Observatory’s first image captures 10 million galaxies, marking the start of a decade-long sky survey. With its powerful telescope and LSST camera, it will scan the southern sky every three nights, unveiling hidden galaxies, stellar nurseries, and transient cosmic events. Scientists anticipate transformative discoveries about dark matter, dark energy, and the evolving universe.
Axiom-4 mission (also known as Ax-4), which is carrying four astronauts to the International Space Station (ISS), is finally taking off today (Wednesday). The mission was originally scheduled to take off on June 10, but it was delayed several times due to technical issues. The mission also marks an important moment for India as the Indian Space Research Organisation’s (ISRO) Shubhanshu Shukla will become the first Indian to take a spaceflight in the last 40 years.
NASA has officially postponed the launch of Axiom Mission 4 due to operational concerns. Now set for June 25, 2025, the mission is historic for India, Poland, and Hungary. It will send astronauts, including India's Shubhanshu Shukla, to the ISS for a 14-day scientific expedition.
A buried magma plume beneath Oman’s Salma Plateau may have nudged India’s tectonic path during its collision with Eurasia, scientists report. Named “Dani,” the amagmatic plume caused no eruptions but likely altered continental motion 40 million years ago. This discovery redefines how silent, deep mantle forces can reshape continents without leaving volcanic signatures on the surface.
Blue Origin’s NS-33 launch has been postponed again due to high winds in Texas. The suborbital mission, which will carry six passengers aboard New Shepard, marks the company’s 13th crewed flight. A new launch date has not yet been confirmed, as teams continue to monitor weather conditions at the West Texas site.
