Astronomers propose the existence of ‘Planet Y’, a hidden Earth-size planet that may orbit closer than the theorized ‘Planet Nine’. Based on Kuiper Belt object patterns, the study suggests a rocky world influencing orbital tilts. Experts remain divided, but upcoming sky surveys could soon confirm or rule out its existence.

Researchers from IISc and Caltech have solved a decades-old mystery in photosynthesis, explaining why electrons move through only one pathway. The discovery could help build efficient artificial energy systems.

Astrophotographer Brennan Gilmore captured a rare “disconnection event” on Oct. 2, showing solar wind cutting Comet Lemmon’s glowing green ion tail. The comet, nearing its October 2025 flyby, displayed a vivid coma and long tail—revealing how solar activity reshapes comets in real time.

SpaceX’s Starship Flight 11 marked the final mission of the V2 design, achieving flawless launch and recovery. The next-gen V3 Starship will feature new Raptor 3 engines, advanced docking systems, and upgraded booster recovery—critical milestones as SpaceX prepares for its upcoming Mars fleet and NASA’s Artemis III lunar landing.

Australian researchers have tested new bite-resistant wetsuits that minimize injuries from shark bites. The materials, made with chain mail, Kevlar, and nanofibers, help reduce bleeding and improve safety for surfers and divers. The innovation marks a step forward in shark bite protection without limiting flexibility underwater.

Caltech and Abu Dhabi’s TII have introduced X1, a humanoid robot integrated with a transforming drone that can walk, drive, and fly. Demonstrated on Caltech’s campus, the system showcases adaptive mobility for emergencies. Future upgrades will add AI-driven autonomy, aiming to make robots more reliable for complex rescue missions.

A new study proposes detecting gravitational-wave “beats” using pulsar timing. Researchers from Hirosaki University suggest that interference between waves from supermassive black hole binaries could appear as periodic variations in pulsar signals. The method may help distinguish individual sources from a diffuse gravitational-wave background in upcoming observations.

A burst of solar activity could soon paint Earth’s skies with auroras. Between October 11 and 13, the Sun fired four coronal mass ejections toward Earth, expected to arrive October 15–17. NOAA predicts mild G1 geomagnetic storms that could trigger colorful northern lights visible across high and even mid-latitude regions.

Mission Drishti is set to take off in the first quarter of 2026, which will explore Earth in a manner that has never been done before. It weighs 160 kg and is the highest-resolution satellite ever made in the history of the country.

A rare discovery in deep space has stunned astronomers: twin radio rings surrounding a galaxy about 7 billion light-years away. Known as an odd radio circle (ORC), this is the most distant and powerful ever found. Citizen scientists first spotted it, and LOFAR confirmed its existence, opening new insights into galactic and black hole evolution.

Global coral reefs have reached a tipping point due to surging temperatures, warning of irreversible climate impacts on ecosystems and humans alike.

Physicists have recreated the long-predicted Terrell-Penrose effect using ultra-fast lasers, showing how objects at near-light speed appear rotated rather than flattened. The experiment offers a visual insight into Einstein’s special relativity.

A new pre-print study proposes that Uranus and Neptune might not be “ice giants” after all. Using assumption-free models, scientists found their interiors could range from mostly icy to mostly rocky, suggesting we know far less about these distant worlds and that new missions are essential to solve the mystery.

Astronomers using a global radio telescope array have detected the smallest known pure dark matter clump, roughly a million times the Sun’s mass. Found through a faint gravitational distortion in an Einstein ring, it offers new insight into how dark matter halos form across the universe.

Astronomers have captured the first image of two supermassive black holes orbiting in quasar OJ 287. The smaller black hole’s jet spirals due to gravitational forces from the larger one. This discovery validates dual-core theories and opens doors for research on gravitational waves and galaxy evolution.

Researchers have developed a self-healing layer for all-solid-state lithium batteries, enhancing their safety, performance, and longevity. The innovation could power safer electric vehicles and sustainable grid storage while reducing manufacturing complexity.

Starship Flight 11 launched flawlessly from Starbase, Texas, marking the final test of SpaceX’s Starship V2 design. The mission validated new descent and heat-shield systems, setting the stage for the next-generation Starship V3 and future Artemis and Mars missions.

A new study in Acta Astronautica warns that Low Earth Orbit is becoming dangerously congested. Since 2019, the number of satellites performing more than ten collision-avoidance maneuvers per month has risen sevenfold. With nearly 25,000 tracked objects and more launches planned, scientists fear a chain-reaction risk and call for stronger global coordination in orbital management.

A new study proposes that interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS may have originated in the thick disk region of the Milky Way, a lesser-known frontier beyond the spiral arms. Observations of its composition and trajectory support this possibility. Detailed telescopic messages from this visitor may help unravel the structure and evolution of our galaxy.

ESA’s ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter captured the closest-ever images of interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS as it passed Mars at 130,000 mph. The faint object revealed a gas coma but no tail. Believed to be billions of years older than our Solar System, the comet will exit after nearing Jupiter in 2026.

A Caltech-led team has built a 6,100-qubit neutral-atom quantum processor that operates at room temperature with a coherence time of 12.6 seconds and 99.98% fidelity. The system also supports atom shuttling and error correction steps, bringing scalable, fault-tolerant quantum computing closer to reality.

UC Riverside engineers have built a “State of Mission” model that predicts whether electric vehicles or drones can complete planned routes using real-time battery and environmental data. The hybrid system combines physics-based and AI methods, reducing prediction errors and improving safety and reliability across energy applications

Physicists John Clarke, Michel Devoret, and John M. Martinis have won the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics for demonstrating macroscopic quantum tunnelling in superconducting circuits. Their experiments bridged theory and technology, forming the basis for superconducting qubits and today’s quantum computing and sensing technologies.

Blue Origin has moved its second New Glenn rocket to the pad at Cape Canaveral, preparing to launch NASA’s ESCAPADE mission to Mars. The rocket, featuring seven BE-4 engines, will mark its first deep-space mission and showcase Blue Origin’s progress in reusable heavy-lift launch systems.

Scientists have built the world’s first hybrid chip combining 2D materials with silicon circuits. Using a new ATOM2CHIP method, they achieved real-world performance with faster, energy-efficient operation — a step that could revolutionise next-generation computing and AI hardware.

Scientists have discovered a mysterious gravity signal detected by satellites nearly 20 years ago, which is linked to deep mantle changes beneath the Earth’s surface. The anomaly, lasting two years, coincided with a magnetic “jerk”, suggesting a rapid mass shift near the planet’s core.

Using the James Webb Space Telescope, scientists have detected phosphine gas in the atmosphere of the brown dwarf Wolf 1130C, about 54 light-years away. The finding suggests phosphine can form in extreme, non-biological environments, challenging its status as a potential biomarker and reshaping how scientists search for alien life.

Researchers from Westlake University have developed the ‘FlyingToolbox,’ a drone system that exchanges tools mid-air with sub-centimeter precision. Using vision tracking, electromagnets, and AI airflow correction, it achieved 0.8 cm accuracy even under strong downwash. The innovation could transform aerial maintenance, construction, and rescue operations.

Astronomers using JWST and ALMA discovered a 20,000-light-year-long contrail in galaxy NGC 3627. Scientists believe it was carved by a massive black hole traveling through the galactic disk, leaving behind a turbulent scar of dust and gas that may offer new clues to galaxy evolution.

NASA’s Juno probe, orbiting Jupiter since 2016, may have stopped operating after its latest extension expired during the U.S. government shutdown. The mission, which unveiled Jupiter’s interior, polar storms, and moons, awaits confirmation—though NASA cannot verify its status until funding and communications resume.

A mysterious streak seen by NASA’s Perseverance rover over Mars may be comet 3I/ATLAS, an interstellar object flying past the planet in early October. Though unconfirmed, the sighting aligns with its predicted path, raising excitement over a possible first observation of an interstellar comet from another world.

A small asteroid named 2025 TF surprised astronomers after flying only 265 miles above Antarctica, lower than many satellites. Detected post-passage by ESA, it underscores the challenge of spotting small, fast-moving space rocks before they come close to Earth.

Developed by Highlander, China is ready to come up with the first underwater data center. The primary aim behind the experiment lies in the reduction of heat and promoting a cooler impact by exploiting the ocean currents.

ESA’s New Norcia 3 antenna in Western Australia boosts global deep-space communication. The €62.3 million project will support missions like Hera and Juice while enhancing cooperation with Australia, NASA, and ISRO, ensuring broader coverage for interplanetary spacecraft.

A McGill-led study warns that rising sea levels could endanger more than 100 million buildings across the Global South, with coastal infrastructure in Africa, Southeast Asia, and the Americas most at risk. The findings highlight the urgent need for emissions cuts and coastal adaptation.

China has launched CHIEF1300, the world’s largest centrifuge, capable of generating 300 times Earth’s gravity on 22-ton loads. Housed in Hangzhou, the facility enables research in geology, oceans, and materials, simulating disasters and extreme environments. Scientists say it will serve as a global hub for advancing engineering and frontier science.

Swiss firm Panatere has inaugurated two solar furnaces to recycle steel offcuts from the watchmaking industry. Using concentrated sunlight, the system melts waste metal into reusable steel. The initiative aims to produce 1,000 tonnes of green steel annually, promoting a sustainable circular economy in Switzerland’s precision manufacturing sector.

NASA’s online presence has gone dark as a U.S. budget lapse forces a government shutdown. Outreach, research, and grant work have stopped, while critical ISS and planetary defense operations persist. The silence recalls 2013’s shutdown, which caused widespread delays to missions and scientific projects.

Analysis of Cassini data confirms Saturn’s moon Enceladus emits organic molecules, suggesting its subsurface ocean may harbor chemistry conducive to life.

Astronomers have discovered that Cha 1107-7626, a rogue planet 620 light-years away, is now the fastest-growing planet ever observed. The massive world consumes six billion tonnes of gas per second, a rate never before recorded. The findings suggest rogue planets can grow in star-like ways, reshaping how scientists view free-floating planetary objects.

Learn about the innovative multi-layer metalens design and its potential applications in portable devices. It is the first-ever discovery which would allow people to see the world differently. Unlike traditional lenses, these are fabricated by stacking together multiple thin layers of so-called metamaterials rather than using a single one.

For centuries, tales of mysterious blue lights above swamps fascinated people. Modern experiments now explain that microlightning sparks between charged methane bubbles from decomposing plants produce the eerie glow known as will-o’-the-wisps.

A quantum computer has achieved unconditional superiority over classical machines by solving tasks impossible for conventional systems. Using 12 qubits, researchers demonstrated real-world memory advantages that could revolutionize cryptography, modeling, and computational science.

NASA has integrated the Orion stage adapter with the Artemis II SLS rocket at Kennedy Space Center. The adapter connects Orion to the rocket and will deploy four international CubeSats in orbit. This milestone brings the Artemis II mission closer to its April 2026 launch and supports ongoing work for Artemis III hardware development.

China’s Chang’e 6 mission has revealed the moon’s far side is cooler than its near side, with samples showing a 180°F difference in formation temperatures. Researchers suggest uneven distribution of radioactive elements shaped these contrasts, offering the first physical evidence of a deep interior thermal divide in lunar history.

Recent images captured by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) are the clearest ever pictures of the jet arriving from the massive black hole in the galaxy named Messier 87 (M87). There are clear details in the image shot by the telescope, which show the change of brightness, shape and the jet that is usually in disguise. As per scientists, this discovery will help them learn how black holes send out such powerful jets, while also explaining the way they affect the galaxies near them.

The European Space Agency (ESA) is keeping a close eye on the Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS on its journey through the solar system. A spacecraft, specially designed for the Jupiter and Mars missions, will monitor the interstellar comet. Notably, this is the third known interstellar object that has marked its way through the solar system and is continuing to do so. Likewise, astronomers have suggested that the 3I/ATLAS will potentially be seen by the ground-based telescopes. It will then pass the sun during its closest ever approach.

Recently, the first artificial neurons have been created by the Engineers at the University of Massachusetts. These neurons comprise electrical functions that communicate with the living cells. This innovation can change the dynamics of the electrical engineering segment.

The new three-parameter metric has been introduced by researchers based in England, where this metric will likely be successful in assessing the habitability.

SpaceX is targeting Oct. 13 for Starship Flight 11, the final launch of its Version 2 megarocket. The test will repeat splashdown trials for both stages, deploy mock Starlink satellites, and introduce a new booster landing burn. The mission sets the stage for Version 3, which will debut in the next flight.